August 19, 2022 at 2:47:42 PM UTC
VERIFY
Websites
Websites
Runtime: 2.9s
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On August 19, 2022 at 2:47:42 PM UTC, https://www.iucn.org/ was accessible when tested on AS262221 in Dominican Republic.

Failures

HTTP Experiment
null
DNS Experiment
null
Control
null

DNS Queries

Resolver:
173.194.97.10
Query:
IN A www.iucn.org
Engine:
system
Name
Class
TTL
Type
DATA
Answer IP Info
@
IN
A
23.185.0.253
AS54113 (Fastly, Inc.)
Query:
IN AAAA www.iucn.org
Engine:
system
Name
Class
TTL
Type
DATA
Answer IP Info
@
IN
AAAA
2620:12a:8001::253
AS54113 (Fastly, Inc.)
@
IN
AAAA
2620:12a:8000::253
AS54113 (Fastly, Inc.)

TCP Connections

2620:12a:8001::253:443: failed (network_unreachable)
2620:12a:8000::253:443: failed (network_unreachable)
23.185.0.253:443: succeeded

HTTP Requests

URL
GET https://www.iucn.org/
Response Headers
Accept-Ranges:
bytes
Age:
254
Cache-Control:
max-age=10800, public
Content-Language:
en
Content-Length:
166993
Content-Type:
text/html; charset=UTF-8
Date:
Fri, 19 Aug 2022 14:47:40 GMT
Etag:
W/"1660920147"
Expires:
Sun, 19 Nov 1978 05:00:00 GMT
Last-Modified:
Fri, 19 Aug 2022 14:42:27 GMT
Permissions-Policy:
interest-cohort=()
Server:
nginx
Strict-Transport-Security:
max-age=300
Traceparent:
00-4761e07781a543b98306d627a9d01ce1-f489889545fc8172-00
Vary:
Accept-Encoding, Cookie, Cookie, Cookie
Via:
1.1 varnish, 1.1 varnish
X-Cache:
HIT, MISS
X-Cache-Hits:
1, 0
X-Cloud-Trace-Context:
4761e07781a543b98306d627a9d01ce1/17620765191769457010;o=0
X-Content-Type-Options:
nosniff
X-Drupal-Cache:
HIT
X-Drupal-Dynamic-Cache:
UNCACHEABLE
X-Frame-Options:
SAMEORIGIN
X-Generator:
Drupal 9 (https://www.drupal.org)
X-Pantheon-Styx-Hostname:
styx-fe1fe2-d-6877b8ffcf-prxd5
X-Served-By:
cache-ams12741-AMS, cache-mia11351-MIA
X-Styx-Req-Id:
4895cb17-1fcd-11ed-bc36-c2e306d5f85f
X-Timer:
S1660920460.433572,VS0,VE115
X-Ua-Compatible:
IE=edge
X-Xss-Protection:
1; mode=block
Response Body
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en" dir="ltr" prefix="content: http://purl.org/rss/1.0/modules/content/  dc: http://purl.org/dc/terms/  foaf: http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/  og: http://ogp.me/ns#  rdfs: http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#  schema: http://schema.org/  sioc: http://rdfs.org/sioc/ns#  sioct: http://rdfs.org/sioc/types#  skos: http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#  xsd: http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema# ">
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<noscript><style>form.antibot * :not(.antibot-message) { display: none !important; }</style>
</noscript><style>body #backtotop {background: #003478;border-color: white;color: white;}body #backtotop:hover { background: #037fb0; border-color: #037fb0; }</style>
<script async src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtag/js?id=UA-3735135-1" type="application/json" id="cookies_google_analytics_tracking_file"></script>
<script type="application/json" id="cookies_google_analytics_tracking_script">window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || [];function gtag(){dataLayer.push(arguments)};gtag("js", new Date());gtag("set", "developer_id.dMDhkMT", true);gtag("config", "UA-3735135-1", {"groups":"default","anonymize_ip":true,"page_placeholder":"PLACEHOLDER_page_path"});gtag("config", "G-F31M2E028S", {"groups":"default","page_placeholder":"PLACEHOLDER_page_location"});</script>
<link rel="canonical" href="https://www.iucn.org/" />
<link rel="shortlink" href="https://www.iucn.org/" />
<link rel="image_src" href="/sites/default/files/media-icons/iucn-twitter-2-1.png" />
<link rel="icon" href="/sites/default/files/media-icons/iucn-twitter-2-1.png" />
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<link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="114x114" href="/themes/custom/iucnsub/img/favicons/apple-touch-icon-114x114.png" />
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<link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="152x152" href="/themes/custom/iucnsub/img/favicons/apple-touch-icon-152x152.png" />
<link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="180x180" href="/themes/custom/iucnsub/img/favicons/apple-touch-icon-180x180.png" />
<link rel="apple-touch-icon-precomposed" href="/themes/custom/iucnsub/img/favicons/apple-touch-icon-57x57.png" />
<meta property="og:site_name" content="IUCN" />
<meta property="og:url" content="https://www.iucn.org/content/home-page" />
<meta property="og:title" content="Home page" />
<meta property="og:image" content="https://www.iucn.org/sites/default/files/media-icons/iucn-twitter-2-1.png" />
<meta property="og:image:url" content="https://www.iucn.org/sites/default/files/media-icons/iucn-twitter-2-1.png" />
<meta property="og:image:secure_url" content="https://www.iucn.org/sites/default/files/media-icons/iucn-twitter-2-1.png" />
<meta name="twitter:card" content="summary_large_image" />
<meta name="twitter:site" content="@IUCN" />
<meta name="twitter:title" content="Home page" />
<meta name="twitter:url" content="https://www.iucn.org/content/home-page" />
<meta name="twitter:image" content="https://www.iucn.org/sites/default/files/styles/webp_style/public/2022-04/home_banner.jpg.webp" />
<meta name="msapplication-config" content="/themes/custom/iucnsub/img/favicons/browserconfig.xml" />
<meta name="msapplication-tileimage" content="/themes/custom/iucnsub/img/favicons/mstile-144x144.png" />
<meta name="Generator" content="Drupal 9 (https://www.drupal.org)" />
<meta name="MobileOptimized" content="width" />
<meta name="HandheldFriendly" content="true" />
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, shrink-to-fit=no" />
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                                  Gland, Switzerland, 21 July 2022 (IUCN) – The migratory monarch butterfly (Danaus plexippus plexippus), known for its spectacular annual journey of up to 4,000 kilometres across the Americas, has…
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Business, finance and economics
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<a href="/our-work/business-finance-and-economics" hreflang="en">Business, finance and economics</a>
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          <a class="selected" href="/our-work/topic/agriculture-and-soil-biodiversity">
                      Agriculture and soil biodiversity
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                      Business engagement
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                      Extractive, energy and infrastructure
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                      Fisheries and aquaculture
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                      Investing in nature and climate
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                      Livelihoods and sustainable use
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          <a class="selected" href="/our-work/topic/nature-based-recovery">
                      Nature-based recovery
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          <a class="selected" href="/our-work/topic/plastic-and-other-pollution">
                      Plastic and other pollution
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                      Tourism and sport
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          <a class="selected" href="/our-work/topic/valuing-nature">
                      Valuing nature
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<p>Human wellbeing depends on nature and economic development can no longer come at nature’s expense. IUCN works to help countries mainstream nature into economic decisions, including making the private sector part of the solution for people and nature.</p>

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Climate change
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<a href="/our-work/climate-change" hreflang="en">Climate Change</a>
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          <a class="selected" href="/our-work/topic/climate-change-impacts-on-nature">
                      Climate change impacts on nature
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          <a class="selected" href="/our-work/topic/ecosystem-based-adaptation">
                      Ecosystem-based Adaptation
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          <a class="selected" href="/our-work/topic/ecosystem-based-mitigation">
                      Ecosystem-based mitigation
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          <a class="selected" href="/our-work/topic/inclusive-climate-action">
                      Inclusive climate action
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                      Investing in nature and climate
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                      Nature and the Paris agreement
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                      Nature-based Solutions for climate
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                      Oceans and climate change
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<p>IUCN monitors the impacts of climate change on nature, and guides the conservation and restoration of ecosystems to help mitigate and adapt to it.</p>

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                    <a href="/our-work/climate-change">Climate change</a>
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Freshwater and water security
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                      Fisheries and aquaculture
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          <a class="selected" href="/our-work/topic/freshwater-species">
                      Freshwater species
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          <a class="selected" href="/our-work/topic/investing-nature-climate">
                      Investing in nature and climate
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          <a class="selected" href="/our-work/topic/livelihoods-and-sustainable-use">
                      Livelihoods and sustainable use
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          <a class="selected" href="/our-work/topic/plastic-and-other-pollution">
                      Plastic and other pollution
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          <a class="selected" href="/our-work/topic/sustainable-basin-management">
                      Sustainable basin management
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          <a class="selected" href="/our-work/topic/transboundary-water-governance-and-diplomacy">
                      Transboundary water governance and diplomacy
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          <a class="selected" href="/our-work/topic/wetlands-and-peatlands">
                      Wetlands and peatlands
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<p>IUCN works to provide everyone with fair access to clean water, and to protect the freshwater ecosystems on which humanity depends.</p>

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                    <a href="/our-work/freshwater-and-water-security">Freshwater and water security</a>
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<div id="term-url-theme" style="display:none;">
Governance - law and rights
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<a href="/our-work/governance-law-and-rights" hreflang="en">Governance - law and rights</a>
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          <a class="selected" href="/our-work/topic/crime-conflict-and-nature">
                      Crime, conflict and nature
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          <a class="selected" href="/our-work/topic/gender-equality">
                      Gender equality
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          <a class="selected" href="/our-work/topic/global-and-transboundary-frameworks">
                      Global and transboundary frameworks
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          <a class="selected" href="/our-work/topic/high-seas">
                      High seas
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          <a class="selected" href="/our-work/topic/inclusive-climate-action">
                      Inclusive climate action
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                      Indigenous peoples
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          <a class="selected" href="/our-work/topic/legal-training">
                      Legal training
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          <a class="selected" href="/our-work/topic/national-legal-systems">
                      National legal systems
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                      Natural resource governance (other governance)
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          <a class="selected" href="/our-work/topic/rights-based-approaches">
                      Rights-based approaches
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          <a class="selected" href="/our-work/topic/transboundary-water-governance-and-diplomacy">
                      Transboundary water governance and diplomacy
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<p>Equality and equity underpin sustainable development. IUCN works to enhance the agency of all those who are marginalised due to factors such as gender, class, age, (dis)ability, ethnicity, race or sexuality, and to ensure environmental law is effective and just.</p>

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                    <a href="/our-work/governance-law-and-rights">Governance - law and rights</a>
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      </div>
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<div id="term-url-theme" style="display:none;">
Nature-based Solutions
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<a href="/our-work/nature-based-solutions" hreflang="en">Nature-based Solutions</a>
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          <a class="selected" href="/our-work/topic/agriculture-and-soil-biodiversity">
                      Agriculture and soil biodiversity
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          <a class="selected" href="/our-work/topic/disaster-risk-reduction">
                      Disaster risk reduction
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          <a class="selected" href="/our-work/topic/ecosystem-restoration">
                      Ecosystem restoration
                  </a></li>
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          <a class="selected" href="/our-work/topic/investing-nature-climate">
                      Investing in nature and climate
                  </a></li>
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          <a class="selected" href="/our-work/topic/nature-based-recovery">
                      Nature-based recovery
                  </a></li>
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          <a class="selected" href="/our-work/topic/nature-based-solutions-climate">
                      Nature-based Solutions for climate
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          <a class="selected" href="/our-work/topic/nature-based-solutions-cities">
                      Nature-based Solutions for Cities
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          <a class="selected" href="/our-work/topic/nbs-economic-and-social-development">
                      NBS for economic and social development
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          <a class="selected" href="/our-work/topic/nbs-standard">
                      NBS standard
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                      Rights-based approaches
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<div id="term-des-theme" style="display:none;">
<p>Nature-based SolutionsTM leverage nature and the power of healthy ecosystems to protect people, optimise infrastructure and safeguard a stable and biodiverse future.</p>

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    <img src="/sites/default/files/styles/what_we_do/public/images-themes/nbs-coast-2253105.jpg.webp?itok=rwp-9zMt" width="330" height="455" alt="nature-based-solutions_theme_img" loading="lazy" typeof="foaf:Image" class="image-style-what-we-do" />



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                    <a href="/our-work/nature-based-solutions">Nature-based Solutions</a>
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      </div>
</div>


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<div id="term-url-theme" style="display:none;">
Ocean and coasts
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<a href="/our-work/oceans-and-coasts" hreflang="en">Oceans and coasts</a>
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          <a class="selected" href="/our-work/topic/coasts-and-islands">
                      Coasts and islands
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          <a class="selected" href="/our-work/topic/fisheries-and-aquaculture">
                      Fisheries and aquaculture
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          <a class="selected" href="/our-work/topic/high-seas">
                      High seas
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          <a class="selected" href="/our-work/topic/investing-nature-climate">
                      Investing in nature and climate
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          <a class="selected" href="/our-work/topic/marine-ecosystems">
                      Marine ecosystems
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          <a class="selected" href="/our-work/topic/marine-species">
                      Marine species
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                      Oceans and climate change
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                      Plastic and other pollution
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          <a class="selected" href="/our-work/topic/polar">
                      Polar
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<div id="term-des-theme" style="display:none;">
<p>IUCN works to conserve coastal, marine and polar ecosystems, and the many benefits they provide for humanity. &nbsp;</p>

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</div>


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<div id="term-url-theme" style="display:none;">
Protected areas and land use
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<a href="/our-work/protected-areas-and-land-use" hreflang="en">Protected areas and land use</a>
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          <a class="selected" href="/our-work/topic/agriculture-and-soil-biodiversity">
                      Agriculture and soil biodiversity
                  </a></li>
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          <a class="selected" href="/our-work/topic/coasts-and-islands">
                      Coasts and islands
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                      Drylands and land degradation
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          <a class="selected" href="/our-work/topic/effective-protected-areas">
                      Effective protected areas
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                      Forests
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                      Livelihoods and sustainable use
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                      Marine ecosystems
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                      Rights-based approaches
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                      Wetlands and peatlands
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                      World Heritage
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<p>IUCN works to protect ecosystems, promote the sustainable use of landscapes and advance justice and equity in conservation.</p>

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            <div class="field field--name-field-media-oembed-video field--type-string field--label-hidden field__item"><iframe src="/media/oembed?url=https%3A//youtu.be/mZirnkCG4rI&amp;max_width=1728&amp;max_height=500&amp;hash=zm2IrtQpodUJWTJ_gaKz5P4Eaj6LSeMn4N25kzqNpXs" frameborder="0" allowtransparency width="1728" height="500" class="media-oembed-content" title="Let’s get to work: IUCN World Conservation Congress Marseille"></iframe>
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                      <span class="separator d-inline-block">|</span>
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            <div class="field field--name-field-display-date-text field--type-string field--label-hidden field__item">June 10-15, 2021</div>
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mso-add-space:auto;line-height:normal;mso-layout-grid-align:none;punctuation-wrap:
simple;text-autospace:none;mso-line-break-override:restrictions"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family:&quot;Arial&quot;,sans-serif">The IUCN World Conservation Congress is where the world comes together to set priorities and drive conservation and sustainable development action. More than 9,000 people participated in the 2021 Congress in Marseille. Experts shared the latest science and best practice, and IUCN Members voted on 39 motions to guide humanity’s relationship with our planet for the decades ahead.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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                                      <p clas

Resolver

Resolver ASN
AS15169
Resolver IP
173.194.97.10
Resolver Network Name
Google LLC
Measurement UID
20220819144744.003368_DO_webconnectivity_638d679cbe44de05
Report ID
20220819T144009Z_webconnectivity_DO_262221_n1_4FTdKUrjCmlEk2je
Platform
android
Software Name
ooniprobe-android-unattended (3.7.0)
Measurement Engine
ooniprobe-engine (3.15.2)

Raw Measurement Data

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